简介：随着冻干产品种类的不断增多，产品冻干工艺显得格外重要，若用生产型冻干机进行实验则务必会造成不同程度的资源浪费，因此实验型冻干机不可缺少，我公司生产的实验型冻干机包括三种型号：FDG-0.2、FDG-0.5、FDG-1。每种型号均有手动与全自动两种控制模式，同时具备工艺存储、一键调取工艺、全程冻干曲线检测等功能，与生产型冻干机功能一样。实验型冻干机功能全但运行成本低、体积小、低耗能、低浪费该设备可进行小批量生产，因此获得很多客户的青睐，实验型冻干机主要用于各大高校学院、科研实验室等场所，具有精工细致、简易适用、灵活性强等特点,多种规格及配置，可满足大多数实验室常规冻干的要求，同时实验型冻干机可用于研发、制定产品工艺，是大规模生产不可缺少的利器。
Introduction: With the increasing variety of freeze-dried products, the freeze-drying process of products becomes particularly important. If a production type freeze-drying machine is used for experiments, it will inevitably cause varying degrees of resource waste. Therefore, experimental freeze-drying machines are indispensable. Our company's experimental freeze-drying machines include three models: FDG-0.2, FDG-0.5, and FDG-1. Each model has two control modes, manual and fully automatic, and also has functions such as process storage, one click process retrieval, and full freeze-drying curve detection, just like production freeze-drying machines. Experimental freeze-drying machines have full functions but low operating costs, small size, low energy consumption, and low waste. This equipment can be used for small batch production, thus gaining the favor of many customers. Experimental freeze-drying machines are mainly used in various universities, research laboratories, and other places, with characteristics such as precision and meticulousness, simplicity and applicability, and strong flexibility. Multiple specifications and configurations can meet the requirements of conventional freeze-drying in most laboratories. At the same time, experimental freeze-drying machines can be used for research and development, product technology formulation, and are indispensable tools for large-scale production.
工作原理
operational principle
undefined 冻干机的基本原理是基于水的三态变化。水有固态、液态和气态，三种状态既可以相互转换又可以共存。 当水在三相点（温度为0.01℃，水蒸气压为610.5Pa）时，水、冰、水蒸气三者可共存且相互平衡。在高真空状态下，利用升华原理，使预先冻结的物料中的水分，不经过冰的融化，直接以冰态升华为水蒸汽被除去，从而达到冷冻干燥的目的。冻干制品呈海绵状、无干缩、复水性极好、含水分极少，相应包装后可在常温下长时间保存和运输。 由于真空冷冻干燥具有其它干燥方法无可比拟的优点，因此该技术问世以来越来越受到人们的青睐，在医药、生物制品和食品（果蔬和宠物食品）方面的应用已日益广泛。血清、菌种、中西医药等生物制品多为一些生物活性物质，真空冷冻干燥技术也为保存生物活性提供了良好的解决途径。
The basic principle of an undefined freeze-drying machine is based on the three state changes of water. Water can be in solid, liquid, and gas states, and these three states can both transform and coexist with each other. When water is at the triple point (temperature is 0.01 ℃, water vapor pressure is 610.5Pa), water, ice, and water vapor can coexist and balance with each other. In a high vacuum state, using the sublimation principle, the moisture in the pre frozen material is directly sublimated into water vapor without melting the ice, thus achieving the purpose of freeze-drying. Freeze dried products are sponge like, have no shrinkage, excellent rehydration ability, and contain very little water. After packaging, they can be stored and transported for a long time at room temperature. Due to the unparalleled advantages of vacuum freeze-drying compared to other drying methods, this technology has been increasingly favored by people since its inception, and its application in medicine, biological products, and food (fruits, vegetables, and pet food) has become increasingly widespread. Serum, bacterial strains, traditional Chinese and Western medicine and other biological products are mostly bioactive substances, and vacuum freeze-drying technology also provides a good solution for preserving biological activity.
2-设备分类
2- Equipment classification
设备选型：我公司生产的冻干机共分两种，分别为实验型和生产型。
Equipment selection: Our company produces two types of freeze-drying machines, namely experimental and production types.
实验型冻干机包括三种型号：FDG-0.2、FDG-0.5、FDG-1。
The experimental freeze-drying machine includes three models: FDG-0.2, FDG-0.5, and FDG-1.
中型冻干机包括FDG-5、FDG-10、FDG-15、FDG-20、FDG-30等型号，每次可放原料50-300Kg不等。
Medium size freeze-drying machines include models such as FDG-5, FDG-10, FDG-15, FDG-20, FDG-30, etc., and can hold raw materials ranging from 50-300kg each time.
大型冻干机包括FDG-50、FDG-75、FDG-100、FDG-125、FDG-150、FDG-200等型号，每次可放原料500-2000Kg不等。
Large freeze-drying machines include models such as FDG-50, FDG-75, FDG-100, FDG-125, FDG-150, FDG-200, etc., and can hold raw materials ranging from 500-2000kg each time.
2-设备特点
2- Equipment characteristics
产品特点：
Product features:
1、主机采用不锈钢拉丝材质，耐腐蚀，反射效率高。冷冻隧道采用不锈钢材质，不生锈增加使用年限。
1. The host is made of stainless steel wire drawing material, which is corrosion-resistant and has high reflection efficiency. The freezing tunnel is made of stainless steel material, which does not rust and increases its service life.
2、真空系统采用预抽和维持两套机组，系统运行稳定且节约能源，配备罗茨泵组，低真空状态下仍有高抽速。
2. The vacuum system adopts two sets of units, pre pumping and maintenance, which operate stably and save energy. It is equipped with a Roots pump unit, and there is still high pumping speed under low vacuum conditions.
3、加热排和捕水器采用铝材质，传导效率高，升温/降温速度快。
3. The heating discharge and water trap are made of aluminum material, with high conductivity and fast heating/cooling speed.
4、采用国标环保制冷剂，制冷效果好且绿色环保。
4. Using national standard environmentally friendly refrigerants, the refrigeration effect is good and environmentally friendly.
5、制冷系统采用高品质进口压缩机组，制冷效率高、性能稳定、维护方便、运转噪音低。
5. The refrigeration system adopts high-quality imported compressor units, which have high refrigeration efficiency, stable performance, convenient maintenance, and low operating noise.
6、设备配有工艺存储、工艺调取、冻干曲线功能，操作方便智能化提高。
6. The equipment is equipped with process storage, process retrieval, and freeze-drying curve functions, making operation convenient and intelligent.
7、触摸屏操作、PLC控制系统，具备手动与全自动运行两种模式。
7. Touch screen operation, PLC control system, with two modes of manual and fully automatic operation.
8、配置较一般食品冻干机配置高，整体运转平稳且稳定性高。
8. The configuration is higher than that of general food freeze-drying machines, and the overall operation is smooth and stable.
9、提供专业的冻干流程及工艺。
9. Provide professional freeze-drying processes and techniques.
2-设备图片
2- Device images
此图为部分冻干样品，我公司生产冻干机专业冻干果蔬类、宠物食品类
This picture shows some freeze-dried samples. Our company specializes in producing freeze-dried machines for fruits and vegetables, as well as pet food
冻干产品优点：
Advantages of freeze-dried products:
（1）保存食品的色、香、味，如植物的色素保持不变质，各种芳香物质的损失可减至低；冷冻干燥比普通冷冻保存对含蛋白质的食品更好。
(1) Preserve the color, aroma, and taste of food, such as keeping plant pigments from spoiling, and minimizing the loss of various aromatic substances; Freeze drying is better for protein containing foods than regular cryopreservation.
（2）对热敏性物质特别适合，干燥后能保持热敏性成分。它能保存食物中各种营养素，特别是维生素C，能保存90%以上。
(2) Especially suitable for thermosensitive substances, it can maintain its thermosensitive components after drying. It can preserve various nutrients in food, especially vitamin C, which can preserve over 90%.
（3）在真空和低温下操作，微生物的生长和酶作用受到抑制。
(3) Under vacuum and low temperature operation, microbial growth and enzyme activity are inhibited.
（4）脱水彻底，干制品重量轻，体积小，储存空间少，运输方便；各种冻干蔬菜压片重量显著降低。随着体积的减少，相应的包装成本要低得多。
(4) Thoroughly dehydrated, dry products are lightweight, small in size, have limited storage space, and are easy to transport; The weight of various freeze-dried vegetable slices has significantly decreased. As the volume decreases, the corresponding packaging cost is much lower.
（5）复水快，食用方便。由于干燥后的物料中的水分在冷冻状态下直接蒸发，在干燥过程中，水蒸气不带动可溶性物料移动到物料表面，也不在物料表面沉积盐，即物料表面没有硬皮和薄皮。当中心水移到材料表面时，材料表面也不存在任何细胞或纤维。所产生的张力不会使材料在干燥后因收缩而变形，因此很容易吸水并恢复原状。
(5) Fast rehydration and convenient consumption. Due to the direct evaporation of water in the frozen state of the dried material, during the drying process, the water vapor does not drive the soluble material to move to the surface of the material, nor does it deposit salt on the surface of the material, that is, there is no hard or thin skin on the surface of the material. When the central water moves to the surface of the material, there are no cells or fibers on the surface of the material. The tension generated will not cause the material to deform due to shrinkage after drying, making it easy to absorb water and restore its original state.
（6）真空操作时氧气稀缺，因此一些可氧化物质（如油和脂肪）受到保护。
(6) Oxygen is scarce during vacuum operation, so some oxidizable substances (such as oil and fats) are protected.
（7）冷冻干燥可除去95%-99%以上的水分，产品能长期保存而不变质。
(7) Freeze drying can remove over 95% -99% of moisture, and products can be stored for a long time without spoilage.
FD冻干果蔬和VF真空油炸果蔬脆区别
The difference in crispness between FD freeze-dried fruits and vegetables and VF vacuum fried fruits and vegetables
目前平台上的果蔬脆，基本都是低温油浴的，冻干的只有肉类和水果，低温油炸的果蔬脆跟冻干相比有哪些差距？
At present, most of the fruits and vegetables on the platform are crispy and soaked in low-temperature oil. Only meat and fruits are freeze-dried. What are the differences between low-temperature fried fruits and vegetables and freeze-dried ones?
以果蔬脆片为例，目前国内市场部分采用的还是低温真空油炸技术，将新鲜的水果蔬菜清洗除菌杀青后急速冷冻至零下30℃以下，再在真空的环境下使细小冰晶升华，精准打碎纤维，配以植物油促进迅速干燥脱水，把新鲜的蔬菜水果脱水成保留原色、口感酥脆、气味清香的零食。
Taking fruit and vegetable chips as an example, the current domestic market still uses low-temperature vacuum frying technology. Fresh fruits and vegetables are washed, sterilized, and quickly frozen to below -30 ℃. Then, in a vacuum environment, small ice crystals are sublimated, and fibers are precisely crushed. Vegetable oil is used to promote rapid drying and dehydration, dehydrating fresh vegetables and fruits into snacks that retain their original color, have a crispy taste, and a fragrant aroma.
低温油炸果蔬脆，表面有油滋痕迹
Low temperature fried fruits and vegetables are crispy with oil stains on the surface
“VF技术在真空条件下进行食品加工，可以减轻甚至避免氧化作用（例如脂肪酸败、酶促褐变和其他氧化变质等）所带来的危害，脱水处理的同时保留了产品的营养、色泽及风味。” 尽管如此，VF技术本质还是油炸食品。相比VF技术门槛更高的FD技术，是以低温冷冻方式使其脱水--食品冻干技术。
"VF technology is used for food processing under vacuum conditions, which can reduce or even avoid the hazards of oxidation (such as fatty acid spoilage, enzymatic browning, and other oxidative spoilage). Dehydration treatment preserves the nutrition, color, and flavor of the product. However, VF technology is essentially fried food.". Compared to VF technology, FD technology has a higher threshold and uses low-temperature freezing to dehydrate it - food freeze-drying technology.
FD技术把含有大量水分的物质，预先进行降温冻结成固体，然后在真空的条件下使冰直接从固体中升华出来，而物质本身留在冻结的冰架子中，从而使得干燥制品不失原有的固体骨架结构，保持物料原有的形态，且制品复水性极好。
FD technology pre cools and freezes substances containing a large amount of water into a solid, and then under vacuum conditions, the ice is directly sublimated from the solid, while the substance itself remains in the frozen ice shelf, so that the dried product does not lose its original solid skeleton structure, maintains the original form of the material, and has excellent rehydration performance.
冻干果蔬
Freeze dried fruits and vegetables
由于是在低温下的脱水，对于食品的质量，比VF油炸技术更佳。物品在干燥前后的形状和尺寸基本不变，能最大限度地保留原物品或食品的颜色、气味、性状和营养成分；水分含量低，贮藏中一般不会引起水溶性成分的变化。
Due to dehydration at low temperatures, the quality of food is better than VF frying technology. The shape and size of the item remain basically unchanged before and after drying, and can preserve the color, odor, characteristics, and nutritional content of the original item or food to the greatest extent possible; Low moisture content generally does not cause changes in water-soluble components during storage.
VF油炸技术和FD冻干技术加工出来的产品并不难区分。VF技术加工后的脆片用手指捏碎只会形成碎片，FD技术加工后的脆片用手指捏碎会形成粉末。
It is not difficult to distinguish between products processed using VF frying technology and FD freeze-drying technology. The chips processed by VF technology will only form fragments when crushed with fingers, while the chips processed by FD technology will form powder when crushed with fingers.